Intangible Culture ISSN:2799-3868(Print) 무형문화연구

Jinheo Palgwan(振虛捌關)’s Sammunjikji(Instructions on Three Entrances in Buddhism, 三門直指) was made up of three parts, I.e. Enterance of Yeombul(念佛門), Entrance of Shortcut Sŏn(徑截門), and Entrance of Complete and Sudden Buddhism(圓頓門). Of these, I have focused and studied only the part of ‘Enterance of Yeombul’. Especially, I would like to find out that whether the concept of Yeombul is ‘Entirely Chanting of Namo Amitabha’ or not. In proceeding Article, I extracted the concept of Yeombul from the first part of the ‘Entrance of Yeombul’ in which 5 kinds of Yeombul has been presented by Jinheo Palgwan. As a result, I ascertained that there have been the impact of Sŏn Buddhism, Mahāyāna Boddhisattva path in ‘Enterance of Yeombul’ too. It is time to research that whether ‘Enterance of Yeombul’ include any other Buddhist thoughts or practices besides Pure Land Buddhism or not. what its text have been studied is the second part of the ‘Entrance of Yeombul’, I.e the contents of Ritual by Chanting. As a result, the faith of Avalokiteśvara Boddhisattva, practice of Repentance, and the faith of Bhaiṣajyaguru Tathāgata(藥師如來) were also found in ‘Enterance of Yeombul’. Especially, there are many dhāraṇi(呪文) from Esoteric Buddhism. Esoteric Buddhism says that by chanting their dhāraṇi, One can go to the Pure Land. Can Pure Land Buddhism agree to the logic and dhāraṇi of Esoteric Buddhism? Of course. I think that the chanting of dhāraṇi doesn’t contradict Amitabha’s vow which would like to save every sentient beings. Also, we can approve that when we chant esoteric dhāraṇis, there might be the image on Amitabha. Pure Land Buddhism says that we can go to the Pure Land by not only chanting Amitabh’s name but also holding image on Amitabha. So, I found out that there have been combination between Pure Land Buddhism and Sŏn Buddhism, Avalokiteśvara faith, Bhaiṣajyaguru faith, and Esoteric Buddhism. Its characteristic is the reflection of the sprit of the age.